Impressions of Italian Architecture

 　　Some people say that architecture is the solidification of historical expressions and solidified music. In fact, it is also the window of a country, a city, and a village. Through it, you can discover the history, civilization, culture and spirit of a country, city or village, and feel its historical changes, cultural accumulation, aesthetic interest, and attitude towards life. Although it has gone through the baptism of years, it can always gently tug at your heartstrings inadvertently and arouse your fondness for the ancients.

　　When our matchbox-style high-rise buildings are erected one by one and the characteristic old houses are eradicated one by one, Westerners are desperately protecting their traditional buildings, even if it is a small stone slab on the road; when we While decorating the room delicately with formaldehyde-emitting paint and floors, Westerners go back to basics and let the bricks reveal their true red color, and make the joints of the floor tiles show thick ridges...

　　We have no intention of seeking perfection and blame, and we don’t have to belittle ourselves, but our travels in Italy made us have to exclaim countless times. The curvaceous and different architectural styles can not only evoke your memory of history, but also make you linger and reminisce. long!

　　Judging from the shape of the windows alone, there are spoke-shaped circles, which are more common in churches and dwellings; there are movable-type rectangular shapes with shutters on the outer cover; there are double-arched cylindrical shapes with a large arch on the outer jacket; Conical apex shape, the upper cover dome, there is an ellipse shape between the two cone tops to increase decorativeness; there is a three-cone top shape, the upper cover is an equilateral triangle top, and the top of the three-cone top is a semi-circular crown type; there are double cones. The pavilion is symmetrical, with a cube in the middle and a pagoda top at both ends. The top of the pagoda above is also decorated with a cross, which has a strong religious color; there are two cuboids sandwiching an arched complex, etc., and so on. And there are many curved surfaces, full of three-dimensional sense and sense of change. Furthermore, it is tall and wide, with good lighting performance and strong ventilation function. The western-style buildings have a large depth and a high roof, which is compatible with this, and the windows are also built tall and generous, giving people a majestic and magnificent beauty.

　　Take another look at the artistic charm of Italy's domes and spires. Take the dome of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence and the spire of the Duomo in Milan for example.

　　Domes and spires are generally the "eyes" of public buildings such as churches and city halls, and they are the finishing touches of buildings. Because of these unique "tops", they have become local and even national landmarks. Gothic churches seek to be taller in order to be closer to God, so those spires are straight up to the sky and stand proudly, making people feel awe and worship. The Milan Cathedral is an example of such a building. Although the spires of such buildings are numerous, the dome of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore stands alone, but it is tall and thick, fully showing a bright and simple style. This style is a reversal of the style of Gothic architecture throughout Europe at that time, and a subversion of a bright and simple architectural concept to the ingenious and complicated architectural techniques.

　　Of course, in addition to the great dome of Florence and the spires of Milan, there are many churches or other public buildings with many other shapes, such as the Civilian Palace in Siena, whose bell tower stands out in the shape of a square column. The medieval towers of San Gimignano nearby, these towers are built with stone, the whole shape is rectangular, the small tower on the tower is also rectangular, the tower here is actually a symbol of status and status. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is completely cylindrical, not only the main body is a cylinder, but the top of the tower is also a cylinder, the style is very harmonious and beautiful. The spires of some churches are cones, some are triangles, and some are semicircles, each of which is different and has various styles.

　　I talked about the thick and gothic style imitating the Roman style before. The former is large and powerful, fully embodying the magnificence, but it seems to be a bit closed-minded; The Baroque architecture abandoned symmetry and balance, abandoned the static forms of squares and circles, and replaced them with swirls and dynamics. Medieval and Renaissance architectural design achievements combined to usher in a new era of "spatial liberation". The circular square of St. Peter's Basilica, the square is centered on the obelisk erected in 1586, surrounded by semi-circular colonnades on both sides. The two groups of colonnades are composed of 284 columns and 88 force columns. There is a marble statue on one of the pillars, and the ground of the square is also very particular. The whole ground is slightly sloped, and the ground gradually rises towards the church, so that when the Pope blesses the believers in front of the church, the audience can see it. he. Although the columns are rigorous and neat, the whole idea is still Baroque.